Shading denotes the deviation of the regressed anomaly from the ensemble average.Īs in Fig. 2, but for the ocean temperature regression (black contours) along the equator: interval is 0.3 K, and white contours indicate 19°, 20°, and 21☌ isolines of the annual mean climatology. The regressed anomalies in the four experiments are presented by different colors: L500 (purple), L525 (red), L550 (orange), and L575 (green) thin black curves are the observational estimates based on the CMAP (1979–2006) and ERA-40 (1957–2002) data.Īs in Fig. 2, but for (a) precipitation and (b) zonal wind stress along the equator.
#Enso management series#
Monthly SST anomalies regressed on the Niño-3 SST time series in (a) observation for 1945–2006, (b) L500, (c) L525, (d) L550, and (e) L575: regression coefficients per 1 K of the Niño-3 SST anomaly are shown.Īs in Fig.
Note that the vertical ranges of the power spectra vary. One std dev of the time series is also denoted in (a). The thin red curve indicates the corresponding red noise spectrum, and the observed power spectrum for 1945–2006 is imposed by a black curve. Since 2012, IFC's Financial Intermediary clients applying the Performance Standards are required to develop External Communications Mechanisms to receive and review inquiries or complaints from any interested party regarding the E&S risks and impacts of their operations.Į-mail: CAO receives and addresses complaints in accordance with the criteria set out in its Operational Guidelines which are available at: Time series of the Niño-3 SST anomalies in L500 and (b) its power spectrum (red curve). Complaints can be submitted to the CAO in writing to the address below:Į-mail: CAO receives and addresses complaints in accordance with the criteria set out in its Operational Guidelines which are available at: IFC supports its clients in addressing environmental and social issues arising from their business activities by requiring its real sector clients to set up and administer appropriate grievance mechanisms and/or procedures to address complaints from Affected Communities in relation to environmental and social issues arising from IFC's clients' business activities.
They can be made by any individual, group, community, entity, or other party affected or likely to be affected by the environmental or social impacts of an IFC-financed business activity. Independent of IFC management and reporting directly to the World Bank Group President, the CAO works to resolve complaints using a flexible, problem-solving approach through its dispute resolution arm and oversees project-level audits of IFC's environmental and social performance through its compliance arm.Ĭomplaints may relate to any aspect of IFC-supported business activities that is within the mandate of the CAO. The CAO is mandated to address complaints from people affected by IFC-supported business activities in a manner that is fair, objective, and constructive, with the goal of improving environmental and social project outcomes and fostering greater public accountability of IFC. In addition, Affected Communities have unrestricted access to the Compliance Advisor Ombudsman (CAO), the independent accountability mechanism for IFC. Since 2012, IFC's Financial Intermediary clients applying the Performance Standards are required to develop External Communications Mechanisms to receive and review inquiries or complaints from any interested party regarding the E&S risks and impacts of their operations. IFC supports its clients in addressing environmental and social issues arising from their business activities by requiring its real sector clients to set up and administer appropriate grievance mechanisms and/or procedures to address complaints from Affected Communities in relation to environmental and social issues arising from IFC's clients' business activities.